Post by walterleo on Dec 25, 2021 10:12:02 GMT
Hi friends:
Sometimes also in this forum questions came out like: How the Historic Jetliners were navigated outside the range of radionavigation facilities.
Before INS was invented a navigator was onboard, was carefully trained (hopefully) and had means at hand to do his job, see that at 0.36 ff seconds
www.bing.com/videos/search?q=navigator+Comet+video&docid=608019059795771705&mid=F52CECCC79090BEC243DF52CECCC79090BEC243D&view=detail&FORM=VIRE
He had maps, watch, calculator, winds aloft forecast, and ADF radios and not visible an onboard sextant for celestial navigation.
BUT how can all this applied to flight simulation?
Let's start:
NDBs or radio stations at the other side of the ocean. BUT FS NDBs have only a range of maximum 110 NM.
Winds aloft can be read via the FS command.
Only real or ex-real pilots among us still have their aeronautic slide rule, but at least I since decades did not use it.
Maps can be seen via FS, but are not practical for real navigators' work.
Ground speed and drift are available only in some simulations.
Compass systems which maintain their alignment over long time are non-existent in FS, they show actual magnetic headings based on magnetic declinations real long ago .
Area navigation, doppler radar or pre GPS long distance navigation are not generally realized by FS.
For the RAF the system was so effective, that all RAF aircrafts were installed with it (so also the military Comets!)
www.baesystems.com/en-us/definition/what-is-doppler-navigation#:~:text=Doppler%20Navigation%20is%20a%20self-contained%20aircraft%20navigation%20system,is%20used%20mostly%20in%20rotary%20aircraft%20%E2%80%93%20helicopters.
Simulation of working navigators' station are only a few:
In FS 9 I only found good simulations in the Russian simulations of the Tu-104, Tu-124, Tu-134 and Tu-154, the IL-18, IL-62 and the AN-24.
For X-plane the DH Comet IV has a working navigator's station with celestial navigation realised.
The FSX Just Flite simulation of the Comet seems has a working navigators' station.
My personal solution for FS9 Comets is to bring in adapted navigator's station.
So, for a COMET II the station of the Tu-104:
For a Comet IV:
Sorry that I am not able to reprograme some gauges so these are metric still. But they offer everything to fly over oceans and high up in the north or down in the far south. The Sowjet NI-50 BM works equal as the British Green Satin.
Kind regards
Walter
Sometimes also in this forum questions came out like: How the Historic Jetliners were navigated outside the range of radionavigation facilities.
Before INS was invented a navigator was onboard, was carefully trained (hopefully) and had means at hand to do his job, see that at 0.36 ff seconds
www.bing.com/videos/search?q=navigator+Comet+video&docid=608019059795771705&mid=F52CECCC79090BEC243DF52CECCC79090BEC243D&view=detail&FORM=VIRE
He had maps, watch, calculator, winds aloft forecast, and ADF radios and not visible an onboard sextant for celestial navigation.
BUT how can all this applied to flight simulation?
Let's start:
NDBs or radio stations at the other side of the ocean. BUT FS NDBs have only a range of maximum 110 NM.
Winds aloft can be read via the FS command.
Only real or ex-real pilots among us still have their aeronautic slide rule, but at least I since decades did not use it.
Maps can be seen via FS, but are not practical for real navigators' work.
Ground speed and drift are available only in some simulations.
Compass systems which maintain their alignment over long time are non-existent in FS, they show actual magnetic headings based on magnetic declinations real long ago .
Area navigation, doppler radar or pre GPS long distance navigation are not generally realized by FS.
The navigation equipment included “Green Satin” which was a Doppler radar based drift and groundspeed measuring instrument. It gave the navigator an accurate measurement of the drift due to the wind. Ground speed and drift are directly measured by the Doppler (i.e. they are not based on true airspeed calculations which can be error prone). From the airspeed and compass, it was able to deduce the wind speed.
The PR.57 had a “Ground Position Indicator” (GPI) Mk.4. GPI indicated the latitude and longitude of the aircraft and its relationship to a target point on the ground, and was fed by “Green Satin”.
The PR.57 had a “Ground Position Indicator” (GPI) Mk.4. GPI indicated the latitude and longitude of the aircraft and its relationship to a target point on the ground, and was fed by “Green Satin”.
For the RAF the system was so effective, that all RAF aircrafts were installed with it (so also the military Comets!)
www.baesystems.com/en-us/definition/what-is-doppler-navigation#:~:text=Doppler%20Navigation%20is%20a%20self-contained%20aircraft%20navigation%20system,is%20used%20mostly%20in%20rotary%20aircraft%20%E2%80%93%20helicopters.
Simulation of working navigators' station are only a few:
In FS 9 I only found good simulations in the Russian simulations of the Tu-104, Tu-124, Tu-134 and Tu-154, the IL-18, IL-62 and the AN-24.
For X-plane the DH Comet IV has a working navigator's station with celestial navigation realised.
The FSX Just Flite simulation of the Comet seems has a working navigators' station.
My personal solution for FS9 Comets is to bring in adapted navigator's station.
So, for a COMET II the station of the Tu-104:
For a Comet IV:
Sorry that I am not able to reprograme some gauges so these are metric still. But they offer everything to fly over oceans and high up in the north or down in the far south. The Sowjet NI-50 BM works equal as the British Green Satin.
Kind regards
Walter